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1.
J. oral res. (Impresa) ; 11(6): 1-9, nov. 3, 2022. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1437585

ABSTRACT

Background: This study evaluated the effects of using different root canal sealers and protocols for cleaning intraradicular dentin on the bond strength of a composite resin used to reinforce weakened roots. Material and Methods: Sixty-four roots of extracted human maxillary canines were weakened, prepared and filled with two different endodontic sealers (Endofill and AH Plus). In half of the sample, set aside for each respective sealer, excess filling material was cleaned. In the other half, the weakened areas were not cleaned, and the excess of sealer was spread on the intraradicular dentin. Intentionally worn areas inside each root were restored with a microhybrid light-cure composite resin (Z100) to reinforce them, with and without acid etching. Prefabricated metal posts were fixed with a dual resin cement (RelyX ARC), and the specimens were submitted to a pull-out test. Statistical analysis was performed by means of Shapiro-Wilk, analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) and Tukey-Kramer tests (p<0.05). Results: The groups filled with Endofill (GI, GII, GIII, GIV) had the lowest bond strength values, which were similar among each other (p>0.05).The greatest bond strength values were observed in roots filled with AH Plus (GV, GVI, GVII, GVIII), mainly without cleaning of the weakened areas, and followed by acid etching (GVII), and also with cleaning of the weakened areas, however, with no acid etching (GVI) (p<0.05). Conclusion: The greatest bond strength values were observed in roots filled with AH Plus; (1) without cleaning of the weakened areas and with acid etching, and; (2) with cleaning of the weakened areas, but without acid etching.


Antecedentes: este estudio evaluó los efectos del uso de diferentes selladores de conductos radiculares y protocolos para limpiar la dentina intrarradicular sobre la fuerza de unión de una resina compuesta utilizada para reforzar las raíces debilitadas. Material y Métodos: Sesenta y cuatro raíces de caninos maxilares humanos extraídos fueron debilitadas, preparadas y rellenadas con dos selladores endodónticos diferentes (Endofill y AH Plus). En la mitad de la muestra, reservada para cada sellador respectivo, se limpió el exceso de material de relleno. En la otra mitad, las áreas debilitadas no se limpiaron y el exceso de sellador se esparció sobre la dentina intrarradicular. Las áreas desgastadas intencionalmente dentro de cada raíz se restauraron con una resina compuesta fotopolimerizable microhíbrida (Z100) para reforzarlas, con y sin grabado ácido. Los postes metálicos prefabricados se fijaron con un cemento de resina dual (RelyX ARC) y los especímenes se sometieron a una prueba de extracción. El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante Shapiro-Wilk, análisis de varianza (ANOVA de una vía) y pruebas de Tukey-Kramer (p<0,05). Resultados: Los grupos rellenos con Endofill (GI, GII, GIII, GIV) presentaron los valores más bajos de fuerza de unión, los cuales fueron similares entre sí (p>0,05). Los mayores valores de fuerza de unión se observaron en raíces rellenas con AH Plus (GV, GVI, GVII, GVIII), principalmente sin limpieza de las áreas debilitadas, seguido de grabado ácido (GVII), y también con limpieza de las áreas debilitadas aunque sin grabado ácido (GVI) (p<0.05). Conclusión: Los mayores valores de fuerza de unión se observaron en las raíces rellenas con AH Plus; (1) sin limpieza de las áreas debilitadas y con grabado ácido, y; (2) con limpieza de las áreas debilitadas, pero sin grabado ácido.


Subject(s)
Humans , Root Canal Filling Materials , Dentin-Bonding Agents , Dentin/drug effects , Flexural Strength , Treatment Outcome , Dental Pulp Cavity/drug effects
2.
Rev. bras. anal. clin ; 53(2): 187-191, 20210630.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1352855

Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Malaria
3.
Dent. press endod ; 11(1): 78-83, Jan-Apr2021.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1348257

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A infecção endodôntica pode alcançar a saída foraminal e, inclusive, ir além dela. Logo, a determinação da constrição apical como o limite ideal para instrumentação e obturação tem sido questionada. A instrumentação foraminal intencional é realizada com o intuito de diminuir o contingente microbiano a níveis mais favoráveis ao reparo. Entretanto, repercussões locais e sistêmicas estão associadas à sua execução. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão crítica da literatura sobre repercussões locais e sistêmicas relativas à instrumentação foraminal intencional. Métodos: Em março de 2018, uma busca eletrônica realizada na base de dados PUBMED utilizando os termos "foraminal enlargement" OR "foraminal widening" OR "apical limit" AND "endodontics" identificou 74 artigos científicos. Esses artigos, a análise de suas referências bibliográficas e a utilização de mais 5 artigos base resultaram nos 111 estudos consultados para a realização dessa pesquisa. Resultados: A ampliação foraminal intencional nem sempre pode ser praticada em virtude de razões anatômicas e morfológicas. Quanto maior a ampliação do forame apical, maior a possibilidade de extravasamento de substâncias e/ou materiais utilizados para a realização do tratamento endodôntico. A instrumentação foraminal intencional parece ser contraindicada em pacientes que fazem ou fizeram uso de bisfosfonatos recentemente, com distúrbios de coagulação e/ou sob uso crônico de anticoagulantes e com alto risco de bacteremia. Conclusões: Os impactos da instrumentação foraminal intencional sobre o sucesso do tratamento endodôntico devem ser investigados. Contudo, os delineamentos metodológicos dos estudos clínicos devem ser cuidadosos, principalmente no tocante às condições sistêmicas dos pacientes que farão parte do universo amostral (AU).


Introduction: endodontic infection can reach and even go beyond the apical foramen. Therefore, determining apical constriction as the ideal limit for instrumentation and obturation has been questioned. Intentional foraminal enlargement is performed for the purpose of reducing the microbial contingent to levels more favorable to repair. However, local and systemic repercussions have been associated with this approach. Objectives: to critically review the literature on local and systemic repercussions relative to intentional foraminal enlargement. Methods: in March 2018, an electronic search performed on the PUBMED database using the terms "foraminal enlargement" OR "foraminal widening" OR "apical limit" AND "endodontics" identified 74 scientific articles. These articles, analysis of their references and use of another 5 base articles resulted in the 115 studies used for performing this research. Results: intentional foraminal enlargement cannot always be performed due to the anatomical and morphological conditions. The greater the apical foramen enlargement, the greater the possibility of extrusion of substances and/or materials used to perform endodontic treatment. Intentional foraminal enlargement seems to be contraindicated in patients who are taking or have recently used bisphosphonates, those with coagulation disorders and/ or under chronic use of anticoagulants and at high risk for bacteremia. Conclusions: the impacts of intentional foraminal enlargement on the success of endodontic treatment should be investigated. However, the methodological procedures of clinical studies should be carefully designed, especially taking into consideration the systemic conditions of patients who will be part of the sample (AU).


Subject(s)
Tooth Apex , Endodontics/instrumentation , Anticoagulants , Diphosphonates , Infections
4.
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1348000

ABSTRACT

Sporotrichosis is a dermatozoonosis, caused by dimorphic pathogenic fungi of the genus Sporothrix. Although Sporothrix brasiliensis is the most frequent and pathogenic species identified from the Brazilian sporotrichosis hyperendemic, to the best of our knowledge this is the first report of its molecular diagnosis from a cat with ocular lesions. A 3-month-old female, domestic feline presented an ocular manifestation with granuloma in the lower-left palpebral conjunctiva, in addition to mucocutaneous lesions in varied locations throughout the body. Samples were collected for subsequent cytopathology, fungal culture, serology, and molecular genotyping. Itraconazole was prescribed for the treatment of sporotrichosis and the animal was considered clinically cured at the end of 5 months of treatment and discharged. S. brasiliensis-cat interactions can manifest with a multitude of clinical forms that resemble either infectious or noninfectious diseases. Both the need for meticulous cat physical evaluation by a veterinarian followed by accurate laboratory diagnosis are key Public Health measures in the Brazilian sporotrichosis hyperendemic area.(AU)


A esporotricose é uma dermatozoonose causada por fungos patogênicos dimórficos do gênero Sporothrix. Embora o Sporothrix brasiliensis seja a espécie mais patogênica e prevalente na hiperendemia brasileira de esporotricose, segundo nosso conhecimento este é o primeiro relato de um gato com lesões oculares causadas por esta espécie, via diagnóstico molecular. Um felino doméstico com três meses de idade apresentou manifestação ocular com granuloma em conjuntiva palpebral inferior esquerda, além de lesões mucocutâneas em diferentes áreas do corpo. Amostras foram coletadas para posterior citopatologia, cultura de fungos, sorologia e genotipagem molecular. O itraconazol foi prescrito para o tratamento da esporotricose e o animal foi considerado clinicamente curado ao final de cinco meses de tratamento, recebendo alta. As interações do S. brasiliensis com o gato podem se manifestar com uma infinidade de formas clínicas que se assemelham a doenças infecciosas ou não. A necessidade de avaliação física meticulosa desses animais por um médico veterinário, seguida do diagnóstico laboratorial preciso, são medidas essenciais em saúde pública na área hiperendêmica para a esporotricose no Brasil.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Sporotrichosis , Cats/injuries , Cats/microbiology , Eye Injuries/microbiology
5.
Braz. dent. sci ; 24(2): 1-8, 2021. ilus
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1178415

ABSTRACT

The filling material should be restricted to the root canal, and not extend to the periradicular tissues. Overextension occurs when there is an overflow of gutta-percha and sealer, whereas overfilling refers to the overflow only of sealer beyond the apical foramen. Both may cause several negative clinical consequences. Nevertheless, an accurate diagnosis of where they occurred cannot always be performed by conventional radiographic examination, because of the two-dimensional aspect of the image. This paper describes a clinical case of labiomandibular paraesthesia after overfilling into the mandibular canal (MC), as diagnosed by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), later used to perform the treatment planning. A 34-year-old Caucasian female patient sought a private dental clinic complaining of pain in the right mandibular posterior region. After taking the anamnesis and performing clinical and radiographic exams, the patient was diagnosed with pulp necrosis in the second right mandibular molar, and underwent root canal treatment. The final radiography showed overextension or overfilling, probably into the MC. About 2 hours after the procedure, the patient reported paraesthesia of her lower right lip and chin. A CBCT confirmed a small overfilling into the MC. For this reason, vitamin B12 was prescribed as the first treatment option. After 7 days, the patient reported a significant decrease in paraesthesia, and was completely normal after 15 days. This case report shows that CBCT is an effective radiographic diagnostic tool that can be used as an alternative in clinical cases of labiomandibular paraesthesia caused by overextension or overfilling (AU)


O material obturador deve preencher todo o canal sem extravasar para os tecidos perirradiculares. O extravasamento de guta-percha e cimento além do forame apical, denomina-se sobrextensão, enquanto o termo sobreobturação refere-se ao extravasamento de cimento endodôntico. Ambos podem causar consequências clínicas negativas, porém um preciso diagnóstico nem sempre é logrado somente a partir do exame radiográfico convencional em razão de sua natureza bidimensional. O presente relato descreve um caso clínico de parestesia de lábio inferior e mento após o extravasamento de cimento obturador para o canal mandibular (CM), diagnosticado por meio da tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC), também utilizada para o planejamento do tratamento. Paciente do gênero feminino, 34 anos, leucoderma, procurou atendimento odontológico particular queixando-se de dor odontogênica na região posterior direita da mandíbula. Finalizados a anamnese e o exame clínico-radiográfico, diagnosticou-se a necrose pulpar do segundo molar inferior direito, ulteriormente submetido ao tratamento endodôntico. A radiografia final evidenciou provável extravasamento de material obturador para o interior do CM. Aproximadamente 2 horas após, a paciente relatou parestesia no lábio inferior direito e no queixo, e a TCFC confirmou a presença de pequena quantidade de cimento obturador no CM. Por conseguinte, a prescrição de vitamina B12 foi o tratamento de escolha. Decorridos 7 dias, a paciente referiu significativa diminuição da parestesia e após 15 dias os padrões de normalidade estavam completamente restabelecidos. O presente relato de caso demonstra que a TCFC é uma ferramenta de diagnóstico potencialmente empregada em casos de parestesia labiomandibular causada por sobrextensão ou sobreobturação (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Paresthesia , Endodontics , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
6.
Dental press j. orthod. (Impr.) ; 25(4): 85-100, July-Aug. 2020. graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1133676

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction: Due to the search for more aesthetic and comfortable alternatives to perform orthodontic treatments and to the great technological development, orthodontic aligners have assumed great importance. More and more complex treatments have been carried out with these appliances without, however, having all aspects involved in their use being studied in depth. Its biomechanical planning requires different approaches than those used in fixed orthodontics, as the force systems involved in movements, responses and side effects are distinct, and the professional must be prepared when opting for the technique. Objective: The objective of this article is to perform an evaluation of the force systems created on the space closure with aligners, its characteristics, and problems, as well as make some suggestions to overcome the difficulties inherent to its use. Conclusion: Space closure with aligners is possible, but depends on the correct selection of the patient, in addition to requiring the proper planning of the applied forces. The use of auxiliary resources and overcorrections to address the deficiencies of the aligner systems should always be considered. Digital planning should be used as a map of the force systems that will be applied, and not just as a marketing tool, keeping in mind that determining the objectives and the way to achieve them is the responsibility of the orthodontist, and that treatment plans must be individualized for each situation, following appropriate biomechanical precepts.


RESUMO Introdução: Devido à busca por alternativas mais estéticas e confortáveis para realizar tratamentos ortodônticos e ao grande desenvolvimento tecnológico, os alinhadores ortodônticos assumiram uma grande importância. Tratamentos cada vez mais complexos vêm sendo realizados com esses dispositivos sem que, no entanto, sejam estudados em profundidade todos os aspectos envolvidos na sua utilização. Seu planejamento biomecânico requer abordagens diferentes da Ortodontia fixa, pois os sistemas de forças envolvidos nas movimentações, respostas e efeitos colaterais são distintos, e o profissional deve estar preparado ao optar por essa técnica. Objetivo: O objetivo deste artigo é fazer uma avaliação dos sistemas de forças envolvidos no fechamento de espaços com alinhadores, suas características e problemas, bem como apresentar algumas sugestões para contornar as dificuldades decorrentes de seu uso. Conclusão: O fechamento de espaços com alinhadores é possível, mas depende da correta seleção do paciente, além de exigir o adequado planejamento das forças aplicadas. O uso de recursos auxiliares e sobrecorreções para suprir as deficiências dos sistemas de alinhadores deve ser sempre considerado. O planejamento digital deve ser usado como um mapa dos sistemas de forças que serão aplicados, e não apenas como ferramenta de marketing, tendo em mente que a determinação dos objetivos e da maneira de atingi-los é de responsabilidade do ortodontista e que os planejamentos devem ser individualizados para cada situação, seguindo preceitos biomecânicos adequados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Orthodontic Appliances, Removable , Orthodontic Appliance Design , Tooth Movement Techniques , Esthetics, Dental , Orthodontists
7.
Saúde Soc ; 29(2): e181046, 2020. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1101917

ABSTRACT

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a influência dos determinantes socioambientais da saúde na incidência de malária por Plasmodium vivax na fronteira franco-brasileira. O estudo foi realizado entre 2011 e 2015, no município de Oiapoque (AP), na Amazônia brasileira. Foram incluídos na amostra 253 indivíduos de ambos os sexos, de 10 a 60 anos de idade. Houve predominância de 63,64% (161/253) de casos de malária em adultos do sexo masculino. A faixa etária mais acometida foi de 20 a 29 anos, com 30% (76/253); 84,6% (214/253) dos pacientes não concluíram o ensino médio, e 29,6% (75/253) não concluíram o ensino primário. No aspecto ambiental, houve correlação negativa entre as precipitações pluviométricas e a incidência da malária por P. vivax (p=0,0026). Em termos de mobilidade, constatou-se considerável proporção de migrantes provenientes dos estados do Pará e do Maranhão (55,73%; 141/253). Por fim, os dados apontaram que 31,23% (79/253) dos casos de malária foram importados da Guiana Francesa. Em síntese, a transmissão da malária na fronteira franco-brasileira envolve fatores ecológico-ambientais, biológicos e sociais que se expressam na elevada vulnerabilidade social da população que vive e circula na zona fronteiriça, favorecendo a ocorrência de surtos e a permanência da enfermidade.


Abstract This study analyzes the influence of socio-environmental health determinants on the maintenance of Plasmodium vivax malaria at the borders between French Guiana and Brazil. This study was carried out between 2011 and 2015 in the city of Oiapoque, Amapá, situated in the Brazilian Amazon region. The sample included 253 individuals of both sexes aged between 10 and 60 years. The disease was predominant in 63.64% (161/253) adult males. The most affected age group was 20 to 29 years old, with 30% (76/253). About 84.6% did not complete high school, while 29.6% (75/253) of the cases had not finished the first degree. Concerning the environmental aspect, negative correlation was observed between rainfall and the incidence of P. vivax malaria (p=0.0026). In terms of mobility, there was a considerable influx of migrants from the states of Pará and Maranhão, with 55.73% (141/253). Lastly, the data indicated that 31.23% (79/253) of malaria cases were imported from French Guiana. In summary, the transmission of malaria in these particular borders involved ecological, environmental, biological and social factors, which are expressed in the high social vulnerability of the population living and circulating in the border zone, favoring the occurrence of outbreaks and the maintenance of the disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Impacts of Polution on Health/analysis , Border Health , Environment , Human Migration , Social Determinants of Health , Malaria/transmission , Malaria, Vivax
8.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 114: e190054, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1012675

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND The central repetitive region (CRR) of the Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite surface protein (CSP) is composed of a repetitive sequence that is characterised by three variants: VK210, VK247 and P. vivax-like. The most important challenge in the treatment of P. vivax infection is the possibility of differential response based on the parasite genotype. OBJECTIVES To characterise the CSP variants in P. vivax isolates from individuals residing in a malaria-endemic region in Brazil and to profile these variants based on sensitivity to chloroquine and mefloquine. METHODS The CSP variants were determined by sequencing and the sensitivity of the P. vivax isolates to chloroquine and mefloquine was determined by Deli-test. FINDINGS Although five different allele sizes were amplified, the sequencing results showed that all of the isolates belonged to the VK210 variant. However, we observed substantial genetic diversity in the CRR, resulting in the identification of 10 different VK210 subtypes. The frequency of isolates that were resistant to chloroquine and mefloquine was 11.8 and 23.8%, respectively. However, we did not observe any difference in the frequency of the resistant isolates belonging to the VK210 subtypes. MAIN CONCLUSION The VK210 variant is the most frequently observed in the studied region and there is significant genetic variability in the CRR of the P. vivax CSP. Moreover, the antimalarial drug sensitivity profiles of the isolates does not seem to be related to the VK210 subtypes.


Subject(s)
Plasmodium vivax/drug effects , Mefloquine/therapeutic use , Chloroquine/therapeutic use , Drug Resistance, Multiple/immunology , Brazil
9.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 52: e20180225, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1041579

ABSTRACT

Abstract INTRODUCTION Mutations in the propeller domain of the Plasmodium falciparum kelch13 (k13) gene are associated with artemisinin resistance. METHODS: We developed a PCR protocol to sequence the pfk13 gene and determined its sequence in a batch of 50 samples collected from 2003 to 2016 in Brazil. RESULTS: We identified 1 K189T substitution located outside the propeller domain of the PfK13 protein in 36% of samples. CONCLUSIONS: Although the sample size is relatively small, these results suggest that P. falciparum artemisinin-resistant mutants do not exist in Brazil, thereby supporting the continuation of current treatment programs based on artemisinin-based combination therapy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Plasmodium falciparum/genetics , Drug Resistance/genetics , Protozoan Proteins/genetics , Malaria, Falciparum/parasitology , Artemisinins/pharmacology , Mutation/genetics , Phenotype , Plasmodium falciparum/drug effects , Genotype
10.
Rev. bras. anal. clin ; 50(1): 17-21, jun. 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-911927

ABSTRACT

O câncer de mama é o principal câncer que atinge a população feminina no mundo, com maior taxa de incidência e mortalidade, sendo que de 5% a 10% de todos os casos são relacionados à herança de mutações genéticas. A identificação precoce dos casos de câncer de mama e ovário é importante, pois um indivíduo afetado pode herdar propriedade de antecedentes familiares que indicam uma predisposição hereditária. O efeito cancerígeno pode ocorrer quando dois genes supressores de maior importância, como BRCA1 e BRCA2, perdem suas funções nos dois alelos decorrentes de mutações na linhagem germinativa. Desta forma, foi realizada uma revisão da literatura sobre câncer de mama hereditário e suas correlações com mutações germinativas nos genes BRCA1 e BRCA2 que aumentam o risco para o desenvolvimento de câncer de mama.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms , Genes, BRCA1 , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Genes, BRCA2
11.
Rev. bras. anal. clin ; 49(1): 52-56, jun.16, 2017. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1151757

ABSTRACT

O câncer de próstata (CaP) é a segunda neoplasia mais diagnosticada em homens adultos e a sexta mais frequente no mundo. O Antígeno Prostático Específico (PSA) é considerado o mais importante marcador para detectar, estagiar e monitorar o CaP. O aumento desse marcador é relacionado à idade e há recomendação da dosagem em homens acima de 40 anos. O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar dados laboratoriais do PSA e epidemiológicos de 58 pacientes. Estudo do tipo retrospectivo de prontuários do Laboratório de Análises Clínicas do Centro de Saúde da cidade de Novo Horizonte. A idade mais prevalente foi de pacientes entre 61 e 70 anos (36,4%), seguida de pacientes com idade superior a 81 anos (19,2%) entre outras faixas etárias menos frequentes. Sete pacientes apresentaram alterações nos resultados dos exames (>4,0 ng/mL), mas apenas um foi diagnosticado com CaP necessitando terapêutica em hospital especializado. A relação entre o PSA livre e total abaixo de 15% foi detectada para três pacientes, sendo sugestivo de CaP. Os resultados descritos nesse trabalho permitiram avaliar que o fator idade é importante, já que os níveis séricos de PSA aumentam conforme a idade e o CaP ser considerado um câncer de terceira idade


The Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second cancer diagnosed in adult men and the sixth most common in the world. The Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) is considered the most important marker to detect, monitor and interning PCa. The increase of this marker is related to age and the dosage recommendation in men over 40 years. The aim of this study was to analyze laboratory data from PSA and epidemiological of 58 patients. A retrospective study from medical record of Analysis Laboratory Health Center Clinics in the city of Novo Horizonte. The most prevalent age was between 61 and 70 years (36.4%), followed by patients aged over 81 years (19.2%) among other less frequent age groups. Seven patients had changes in test results (> 4,0ng / ml), but only one was diagnosed with PCa requiring treatment in specialized hospital. The relationship between the total and free PSA below 15% was detected in three patients, suggesting PCa. The results described in this study allowed us to evaluate the age factor is important, as serum PSA levels increase with age and PCa can be considered as a cancer from third age


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Prostatic Neoplasms , Prostatitis , Prostate-Specific Antigen
12.
RGO (Porto Alegre) ; 65(2): 148-150, Apr.-June 2017.
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-896012

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Phytotherapeutic drugs are plant-derived products with medicinal properties. They are used for treating or preventing several diseases. However, patients who use these substances and even health professionals are unaware of their negative effects. One of the most common negative effects of phytotherapeutic drugs reported in the literature is the inhibition of natural coagulation factors in the human body. Therefore, the aim of this study was to perform a brief review of the literature concerning the anticoagulant effects of phytotherapeutic drugs and their importance in surgical dental procedures. Preventive measures, clarification and monitoring of patients taking phytotherapeutic drugs are recommended before performing surgical dental procedures, in order to prevent against complications such as hemorrhage.


RESUMO Fitoterápicos são produtos derivados de plantas com propriedades medicinais. Eles são utilizados para o tratamento ou a prevenção de diversas doenças. No entanto, os pacientes que fazem uso destas substâncias, na sua grande maioria, desconhecem seus efeitos negativos. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma breve revisão de literatura sobre os efeitos anticoagulantes de fitoterápicos e sua importância diante da realização de procedimentos odontológicos cirúrgicos. Medidas de prevenção, esclarecimento e acompanhamento de pacientes que se utilizam destes medicamentos são recomendados antes da realização destes procedimentos a fim de prevenir complicações como processos hemorrágicos.

13.
Rev. bras. geriatr. gerontol ; 19(3): 533-544, May-June 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-792882

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: The aim of the present study was to analyze potential drug interactions and adverse reactions to NSAIDs in elderly users of a private drug distribution service. Method: A prospective, exploratory and descriptive study with a quantitative approach was performed. The elderly users of NSAIDs attended by the service were interviewed and their prescriptions analyzed between May and September, 2014. Analysis of drug interactions was performed through computerized databases. The post-sales analysis of adverse reactions was performed using the Adverse Drug Reaction Probability Scale. Statistical analysis was performed with the Chi-squared and Fisher's Exact tests. Results: The study evaluated 200 elderly persons, among whom women predominated (56.5%). The average age was 65 years ±10. The NSAIDs accounted for 38.7% of prescription drugs used, and included dipyrone (26.9%), nimesulide (22.8%) and ketoprofen (16.3%). A total of 8.5% of such drugs were considered inappropriate medications for the elderly. A total of 104 potential drug interactions were identified, of which 24% were considered highly clinically significant. The NSAIDs with the greatest risk of interactions were ketoprofen 46.2%, ketorolac 14.4%, nimesulide 12.5% and diclofenac 9.6%. In post-sales monitoring 30.5% of the elderly persons reported undesirable symptoms after the use of NSAIDs, with stomach discomfort the most prevalent (17%). Conclusion: The present study confirmed the importance of monitoring the use of NSAIDs among the elderly due to the increased risk of drug interactions and adverse reactions associated with age, concomitant diseases, multi- prescriptions and polypharmacy. The choice of appropriate drugs for the elderly, the reconciliation of all the medications taken by the patient, and effective pharmaceutical care are measures that can contribute to the rational and safe use of NSAIDs.


Resumo Objetivo: Analisar potenciais interações medicamentosas e reações adversas a anti-inflamatórios não esteroides (AINEs) em idosos usuários de um serviço particular de distribuição de medicamentos. Método: Trata-se de um estudo prospectivo, exploratório e descritivo com abordagem quantitativa. Foram analisadas receitas e entrevistados idosos usuários de AINEs atendidos no serviço no período entre maio e setembro de 2014. A análise de interações medicamentosas foi realizada por meio de bases de dados informatizadas. Para a análise pós-comercialização das reações adversas foi utilizada a Escala de Probabilidade de Reação Adversa a Medicamentos. Para a análise estatística foram utilizados os testes Qui-quadrado e Exato de Fisher. Resultados: Foram incluídos 200 idosos com predomínio de mulheres (56,5%). A média de idade foi 65±10 anos. Os AINEs corresponderam a 38,7% dos medicamentos prescritos, entre eles: dipirona sódica (26,9%), nimesulida (22,8%) e cetoprofeno (16,3%); dos quais, 8,5% constavam na lista de medicamentos inapropriados para idosos. Foram identificadas 104 potenciais interações medicamentosas, sendo 24% de maior intensidade. Os AINEs com maior risco de interações foram cetoprofeno 46,2%, cetorolaco 14,4%, nimesulida 12,5% e diclofenaco 9,6%. No acompanhamento pós-comercialização, 30,5% dos idosos relataram sintomas indesejáveis após o uso de AINE, sendo desconforto estomacal (17%) o mais incidente. Conclusão: Conclui-se a importância do monitoramento do uso de AINEs em idosos devido ao aumento no risco de interações medicamentosas e reações adversas, associado à idade, doenças concomitantes, multiprescrição e polimedicação. A escolha de medicamentos apropriados para idosos, a reconciliação de todos os medicamentos em uso pelo paciente e a atenção farmacêutica efetiva são medidas que contribuem para o uso racional e seguro de AINEs.

14.
Ortho Sci., Orthod. sci. pract ; 9(33): 72-78, 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-784590

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar em testes de tração os efeitos na relação carga/deflexão de alças de retração em T quando alterados na confecção o tipo de liga metálica (aço inoxidável ou titânio-molibdênio -TMA) e a altura (7 e 9 mm). Quarenta alças foram confeccionadas combinando os dois fios e as duas alturas, divididas em 4 grupos (10 alças por grupo), mantendo-se uma dimensão horizontal de 10 mm. Os testes foram realizados em máquina para ensaios de tração com célula de carga, onde as alças de cada grupo sofreram ativações a partir de 1 mm até 3 milímetros, com intervalos de 0,5 mm. Os resultados mostraram que tanto a variação da liga quanto da altura da alça produziram variação significativa na relação carga/deflexão. Foi feita uma comparação entre os níveis de força encontrados em cada uma das situações testadas e os valores recomendados na literatura científica para retração dos dentes anteriores. Foi observado que para 1,0 mm de ativação, apenas as alças de aço com 7 mm de altura atingiram os níveis de força recomendados. Para as ativações de 1,5 e 2,0 mm, tanto as alças de aço de 9 mm quanto as alças de TMA com 7 mm atingiram tais valores. Para as ativações de 2,5 e 3,0 mm, apenas as alças de TMA com 9 mm de altura foram consideradas seguras, uma vez que todas as demais produziram forças demasiadamente altas para o uso clínico...


The aim of this study was to evaluate, in traction test, the effects on the load/deflection rate of the T-loop, when changing the type of alloy used in its confection (stainless steel-SS -or Titanium-Molybdenum alloy - TMA), and the height of the loop (7 and 9 millimeters). Forty loops were bent combining the two alloys and the two heights, divided in four groups of 10 loops each. The horizontal dimension was kept in 10 mm. The tests were made in a traction test machine with a load cell, where the loops from each group were activated from 1 to 3mm in steps of 0.5mm. Results showed that both the variation of the alloy and the variation of the height produce significant changes in the load/deflection rate. A comparison was made between the forces found in each of the situations tested and the numbers suggested in the scientific literature for anterior retraction, and it was observed that, for activations of 1mm, only the SS 7mm high loops reached the levels recommended. For activations of 1.5 and 2.0mm, both the loops made of SS 9mm high and the ones made of TMA 7mm high delivered the necessary force. For activations of 2.5 and 3.0 mm, only the TMA loops 9mm high were considered safe for clinical use, since all the other loops delivered excessive force...


Subject(s)
Humans , Biocompatible Materials , Orthodontic Space Closure , Orthodontics
15.
Braz. dent. sci ; 19(1): 43-47, 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-785298

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a capacidade antimicrobiana do hidróxido de cálcio associado à dois veículos convencionais (anestésico líquido e azeite de oliva) e um novo veículo (Trietanolamina). Material e Métodos: Inicialmente, os micro-organismos foram coletados de quatro incisivos superiores de um mesmo paciente que apresentavam tratamentos endodônticos insatisfatórios e periodontites apicais persistentes utilizando cones de papel absorvente esterilizados inseridos nos canais radiculares após a remoção do material obturador. Em seguida, estes foram cultivados em BHI durante 24 h e colocados em 10 placas de Petri com três orifícios preenchidos com as medicações avaliadas. Após 48 e 72 h, os halos de inibição foram aferidos. Resultados: Após aplicação do teste de Kruskal-Wallis com nível de significância de 1% (α = 0,01) foi observado que, hidróxido de cálcio associado à Trietanolamina, apresentou resultados semelhantes àqueles produzidos pelo líquido anestésico. Ambas as combinações foram superiores ao hidróxido de cálcio veiculado ao azeite de oliva. Conclusão: Considerando os resultados deste estudo in vitro, é possível concluir que Trietanolamina pode ser uma alternativa viável para ser utilizada como veículo associado ao hidróxido de cálcio.


Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effectiveness of calcium hydroxide associated with a two conventional (anesthetic liquidand olive oil) and a new vehicle (Triethanolamine). Material and methods: Initially, microorganisms were collected from four upper incisors presenting unsatisfactory root canal treatments and persistent apical periodontitis from the same patient using sterile absorbent paper cones placed inside the root canal following initial access and root filling removal. Next, they were grown in a BHI culturemedium for 24 h. Afterwards, they were placed in 10 Petri dishes with 3 holes, where different formulations of the medications studied were placed. After 48 and 72 h, readings were taken of the growth inhibition halos. Results: After using Kruskal-Wallis test with significance level of 1% (α = 0.01) it was observed that, calcium hydroxide associated with Triethanolamine, produced results similar to those produced by the anesthetic liquid. Both combinations were superior to the association with olive oil. Conclusion: Considering the results of this in vitrostudy, it is possible to consider that Triethanolamine can be a viable alternative to be used as a vehicleassociated with the calcium hydroxide.


Subject(s)
Calcium Hydroxide , Endodontics , Pharmaceutical Vehicles
16.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-178055

ABSTRACT

Background: Several substances have been researched to act as vehicles associated with calcium hydroxide. The specific type of vehicle is directly related to the effectiveness of the ionic dissociation, antimicrobial action, and biocompatibility of this medication. Aim: To make a histological evaluation of the biocompatibility of calcium hydroxide associated with a new vehicle (triethanolamine), compared with polyethylene glycol, saline solution, and olive oil. Materials and Methods: Fifty mice of guinea pig species were randomly divided into five groups (n = 10) according to each vehicle used – Group 1: calcium hydroxide, Group 2: triethanolamine, Group 3: polyethylene glycol, Group 4: saline solution, and Group 5: olive oil – and further divided into subgroups according to the two analysis periods – (a) 30 and (b) 90 days. Teflon carriers filled with the evaluated substances were placed in standardized bone cavities in the anterior mandible region. The animals were euthanized to perform a histological analysis after the time periods analyzed. Results: In 30 days, specimens from Groups 1, 3, and 5 showed a very pronounced inflammatory response. Specimens from Group 2 showed an inflammatory reaction ranging from mild to severe, with rapid resorption of the material and progressive advancement of osteoid tissue into the teflon carriers. Specimens from Group 4 showed a moderate inflammatory reaction. In 90 days, specimens from Group 1 showed a very pronounced fibrous replacement. In regard to Group 2 specimens, the tested material was solubilized and replaced by newly formed bone tissue. For Groups 3 and 5 specimens, the inflammatory reaction went from acute to moderate. In relation to Group 4 specimens, an organized bone formation process was observed. Conclusions: Specimens from Group 2 showed higher biocompatibility, especially as compared with the specimens from Groups 3 and 5.

17.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 48(5): 573-579, Sept.-Oct. 2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-763326

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION:This study aimed to evaluate basic sanitation and socioeconomic indicators, reported cases of malaria, and risk of contracting malaria in the Ananindeua municipality, State of Pará.METHODS:Data on basic sanitation and socioeconomic dimensions were taken from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics [ Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE)] 2010 census. Epidemiological malaria information was taken from the Epidemiological Malaria Surveillance Information System [ Sistema de Informação de Vigilância Epidemiológica de Malária (SIVEP/Malaria)], between 2003 and 2013 of the Ministry of Health and from the SIVEP/Malaria forms of the municipality's Endemic Diseases Unit for 2,013 cases.RESULTS:Our data do not confirm the correlation among indicators of basic sanitation, socioeconomic conditions, and water supply with malaria cases. Of the 1,557 cases evaluated, most were caused by Plasmodium vivax , with rare cases of Plasmodium falciparum and mixed infections. There were 756 notifications in 2003. The number of reported cases was sharply reduced between 2006 and 2012, but a 142-case outbreak occurred in 2013. Ananindeua municipality's Annual Parasite Index indicated low risk in 2003 and no risk in other years, and the 2,013 cases were predominantly male individuals aged ≥40 years.CONCLUSIONS:Our data confirm the non-endemicity of malaria in the Ananindeua municipality, as the Annual Parasite Indices described for the years 2004-2013 classify it as a risk-free area. However, the 2013 outbreak indicates the need to strengthen prevention, surveillance, and control activities to reduce the risk of new outbreaks and consequent economic and social impacts on the population.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Malaria, Falciparum/epidemiology , Malaria, Vivax/epidemiology , Sanitation/statistics & numerical data , Brazil/epidemiology , Risk Assessment , Seasons , Socioeconomic Factors
18.
Rev. ciênc. farm. básica apl ; 36(3): 427-434, 01/07/2015. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-2571

ABSTRACT

A combinação de antirretrovirais da terapia de resgate na Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida aumenta os riscos de interações medicamentosas e alimentares. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o risco de interações medicamentosas e alimentares no uso da terapia antirretroviral com medicamentos do resgate por 40 pacientes com AIDS de um Hospital quaternário da região Noroeste paulista. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório-descritivo de abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa, realizado no período entre 2012 e 2013. Os pacientes foram entrevistados através de questionário elaborado pela equipe multidisciplinar de saúde. As entrevistas foram realizadas pela equipe de farmacêuticos. As interações foram avaliadas por bases de dados informatizados. O esquema composto por darunavir, enfuvirtida, lamivudina, raltegravir e ritonavir foi o mais utilizado (32,5%) pelos pacientes. Os antirretrovirais que mais apresentaram risco de interações alimentares foram ritonavir, darunavir e tenofovir, em 31 (77,5%), 29 (72,5%) e 21 (52,5%) pacientes, respectivamente. Foram identificados 87 tipos de potenciais interações medicamentosas, e sete foram classificadas como de nível maior. Neste estudo todas as prescrições apresentaram riscos para interações medicamentosas e demonstraram a importância do monitoramento pela equipe multidisciplinar. Contudo, a maioria das interações medicamentosas foi benéfica, decorrentes da potencialização do efeito terapêutico em consequência do sinergismo entre os fármacos da terapia antirretroviral. A interação entre farmacêuticos e prescritores pode contribuir para a farmacoterapia racional e segura do paciente.


The combination of antiretroviral agents of the rescue therapy in the Syndrome Immunodeficiency Acquired increases the risks of drug and food interactions. The aim in this study was to analyze the risk to drug and food interactions in the use of the antiretroviral therapy with drugs of the rescue by 40 AIDS patients of a quaternary hospital of the northwest region of the State of São Paulo. This is an exploratory, descriptive study, with an approach quantitative and qualitative that it was realized in the period between 2012 and 2013. The patients were interviewed through a questionnaire developed by the multidisciplinary healthcare team. The interviews were conducted by team of pharmacists. The interactions were evaluated by computerized databases. The scheme composed by darunavir, enfuvirtide, lamivudine, raltegravir and ritonavir was the most used (32.5 %) by the patients. The antiretroviral drugs that more presented risk to food interactions were ritonavir, darunavir and tenofovir, in 31 (77.5 %), 29 (72.5 %) and 21 (52.5 %) patients, respectively. Were identified 87 potential drug interactions and seven interactions were classified as major level. In this study all prescriptions presented risks to drug interactions and this demonstrated the need of monitoring. However, the most of the drug interactions was beneficial and result of the potentiating of the therapeutic effect as consequence of the synergism between the drugs of the antiretroviral therapy. The interaction between pharmacists and prescribers can help to provide to rational and safe pharmacotherapy to the patient.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy , Anti-Retroviral Agents , Drug Interactions , Food-Drug Interactions
19.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 110(2): 235-248, 04/2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS, SES-SP, SESSP-ILSLPROD, SES-SP, SESSP-ILSLACERVO, SES-SP | ID: lil-744471

ABSTRACT

Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is a growing global threat. Approximately 450,000 people developed multidrug-resistant TB worldwide in 2012 and an estimated 170,000 people died from the disease. This paper describes the sociodemographic, clinical-epidemiological and bacteriological aspects of TB and correlates these features with the distribution of anti-TB drug resistance. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT) cultures and drug susceptibility testing were performed according to the BACTEC MGIT 960 method. The results demonstrated that MT strains from individuals who received treatment for TB and people who were infected with human immunodeficiency virus were more resistant to TB drugs compared to other individuals (p < 0.05). Approximately half of the individuals received supervised treatment, but most drug-resistant cases were positive for pulmonary TB and exhibited positive acid-fast bacilli smears, which are complicating factors for TB control programs. Primary healthcare is the ideal level for early disease detection, but tertiary healthcare is the most common entry point for patients into the system. These factors require special attention from healthcare managers and professionals to effectively control and monitor the spread of TB drug-resistant cases.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Drug Therapy , Nonprescription Drugs/administration & dosage , Serbia
20.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 48(2): 149-156, mar-apr/2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-746232

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION : In this study, clinical-laboratory and epidemiological characteristics are described for a group of 700 individuals with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)/AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) in the ART (antiretroviral therapy) era at a teaching hospital that provides a quaternary level of care, with an emphasis on opportunistic infections (OIs), co-infections and immune profile. METHODS : A retrospective cross-sectional study of AIDS cases was conducted from 1998 to 2008 by reviewing medical records from the Base Hospital/FUNFARME (Fundação Faculdade Regional de Medicina), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. RESULTS: The individuals were 14 to 75 years of age, and 458 were males. Heterosexuals accounted for 31.1% of all patients. Eighty-three percent were on ART, and 33.8% of those presented difficulties with treatment adherence. OIs were analyzed from medical records, and Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia was the most prevalent, regardless of the LTCD4+ (TCD4+ Lymphocytes) levels. Individuals whose viral loads were ≥10,000 showed a 90% greater chance of neurotoxoplasmosis. For P. jiroveci pneumonia, neurotoxoplasmosis, esophageal candidiasis, pulmonary tuberculosis and neurocryptococcosis, the chances of infection were higher among patients with LTCD4+ levels below 200 cells/mm3. HIV/hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV/hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infections were significantly associated with death. CONCLUSIONS : OIs remain frequent in the ART era even in populations where the access to medical care is considered satisfactory. .


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/epidemiology , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , HIV-1 , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hospitals, Teaching , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Viral Load
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